Z. Jeffrey Chen

Chen, Z. Jeffrey
D. J. Sibley Centennial Professor in Plant Molecular Genetics

E-mail: zjchen@mail.utexas.edu

Website: http://polyploidy.biosci.utexas.edu

Main Office: NMS 3.122
Phone: (512) 475-9327

Alternate Office: NMS 3.270
Phone: (512) 475-9335

Mailing Address:
The University of Texas at Austin
Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology
One University Station, A-4800
Austin, TX 78712-0159

Graduate Students:

  • Ha, Misook
  • Kim, Grace
  • Ko, Dae Kwan
  • Lu, Jie
  • Miller, Marisa
  • Pang, David
  • Zhang, Changqing

    • Post Doc Students:

  • Guan, Xueying
  • Ng, Danny
  • Park, Gyoungju N.

    • Research Summary:
       We study genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for gene expression changes in polyploids. Polyploidy, or whole-genome duplication (WGD), is an evolutionary innovation for all eukaryotes including some animals and many plants. The common occurrence of polyploidy suggests an evolutionary advantage of having multiple sets of genetic material for adaptive evolution. However, increased gene and genome dosages in autopolyploids (duplication of a single genome) and allopolyploids (combination of two or more divergent genomes) often cause genomic instabilities, chromosomal imbalances, regulatory incompatibilities, and reproductive failures. Aneuploid and polyploid cells in animals and humans are often associated with carcinogenesis. Therefore, new polyploids must establish a compatible relationship between alien cytoplasm and nuclei and among divergent genomes, leading to rapid changes in genome structure, gene expression, and developmental traits such as fertility, inbreeding, apomixis, flowering time, and hybrid vigor. The underlying mechanisms for these changes are poorly understood. We employ genetic and biochemical approaches in combination with DNA microarrays, deep-sequencing, and bioinformatic tools to investigate how changes in DNA sequences, cis- and trans-acting factors, chromatin modifications, RNA-mediated pathways, and regulatory networks modulate silencing and activation of homoeologous genes, giving rise to phenotypic variation in polyploid plants and agricultural crops, many of which have increased biomass and enhanced traits. Elucidating mechanisms for polyploidy may ultimately reveal new approaches to reactivate or silence endogenous genes and lead the way to improve future applications of biotechnology in agriculture and medicine.
     
    Publications:
    Small RNAs serve as a genetic buffer against genomic shock in Arabidopsis interspecific hybrids and allopolyploids (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 17835-17840.
    Duplicate genes increase expression diversity in related species and allopolyploids (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 2295-2300.
    Altered circadian rhythms regulate growth vigour in hybrids and allopolyploids (2009) Nature 457, 327-331.
    RNAi of met1 reduces DNA methylation and induces genome-specific changes in gene expression and centromeric small RNA accumulation in Arabidopsis allopolyploids (2008) Genetics 178, 1845-1858.
    Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for gene expression and phenotypic variation in plant polyploids (2007) Annual Review in Plant Biology 58, 377-406.
    Genomewide nonadditive gene regulation in Arabidopsis allotetraploids (2006) Genetics 172, 507-517.
    Stochastic and epigenetic changes of gene expression in Arabidopsis polyploids (2004) Genetics 167, 1861-1973.
    Protein-coding genes are epigenetically regulated in Arabidopsis polyploids (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 6753-6758.

     
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